Apparatus for excavating tunnels.



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J. c. Menu. Y APPARATUS rox BxcAvAnNe TUNKELS.

LPPLIGAIIOI YILED 001.11. IUILS.

PATBNTED MAY 1, 1906.

No. 819,443. K

J. c. MBBM. APPARATUS rox BXCAYATING TUNNBLS.

APPLIUATIOI FILED 061.11. 1905.

a :Instr-43H1;

@md/Micra, xnven'tor;

. Attorneys.

Witnesses nanna-:f wmmst w. n u m m n w A T no P nu d mm. m .nl. MAM .Wmun YW .mm CBM mmm mn P ,m1, R A P P A I /M. 3 u. m 9 s m M m M W JAMESC. MEEM, OFBROOKLYN, NEIV YORK, ASSIGXOR OFTWO-THIRDS UNITED STATESPaATENT oFFicEg' TO BOROUGH CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, OF BROOKLYN, NEWYORK,..

A CORPORATION.

APPARATUS FOR EXCAVATING TUNN-ELS.

:atenten may 1, 1906..

Application and 0mm 1i, i905. xa'aazaoo.

To all whomI it muy' concern,.-

Be it known that I, JAMES C. Maan, a citizen of the United States,residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New followingis a specification.

This invention relates to apparatus for exinade of structural iron orsteel or iron and distance in front and in rear of the bearing- T fbeanis to form a nose-piece 4 and a tailpiece I ork, have invented a newand useful Apparatus for Excavating Tunnels, of which the cavatingtunnels, and constitutes an im rovi.L ment upon one of similar characterw lich is shown in a Unit-ed States Patent granted to me for a method oftunneling, dated June 16,

The object of the present invention is to provide a tool in the natureof a sectional rootl or side shield for tunneling in which each sectionshall be capable of being operated in- 5, the latter being by preferencerejected rearwardly beyond the bearingams a than the former project be-As herein shown, the coverplates are preferably hollow rectangles, andeach is provided with two inturned flanges 6, through which pass boltsor'rivets 7, that. secure t iem to the cross-bars, the webs and inftemal flanges being preferably cut away under the tailpiece, as shown inF 3, 4, and

dependently of the others, to facilitate inak- I ing of excavations, andin a ronounced inanner to insure the safety of t ie operators.

AIVith the above and other objects in view,

as will appear as the nature of the invention is better understood, thesame consists in an apparatus for tunneling, as will be. hereinafterfully described and claimed.

In the accompanyingdrawings, forming a part of this specification, andin which like characters of reference indicate correspondi ing parts,Figure 1 is ay view in elevation, exv liibiting the manner in which theapparatus of the presentinvention is supporte( position.

sections of the apparatus. in side elevation, partly in section, of oneof thc implements.

when in i Fig. 2 s an end view of one of the 1 Fig. 3 is a view Fig. 4is a view in side ele- Vation, artly in section, showing a slightly- 1modifie forni of the invention.

Fig. 5 is a view in side elevation of another modified form of theinvention.

Fig. 6 is'a transverse sectional view through the form of inventionshown in Fig. 5.

piece.

In construct-lng a tunnel with the implenientof the present inventiontwo, threc,four, or more- 'ifgthese may be employed, and as cach' isuajc tion oi one Ount'cijpari lzserve forl all. The implement 0r`t0olembodies-a pair of bearing-beams 1, a

plurality tif-v cross-barsQ-#inithis inst ance three in numb l 'antl apluralityof coverlates 3 in this instance tlir'cin number. hebearing-beanis and cross-,bars are preferably made of wood or steel andmay be of any desired length or breadth, and the cover-plates arci ofthe other a dcscrip- 4 beams 11" are 5. The cover-plates of each sectionor implement have their they are held rigidly assembled and areprevented from having any movement relatively to each other. Thebearing-beams 1 are secured to the cross-bars b v bolts 9, the heads ofwhich are socketed in the cross-bars and the lower ends of which aredisposed in sockets 10 in the under fac of the bearing-beams and carrynuts 11, b which the parts are held positively combine The sockets 10are of such depth that when the nuts 11 are seated they, as also thelower ends o1Y the bolts, will lie within the plane ofv the under faceof the bearing-beams, and thus obviate thepresentation of obstruct-ionsor projections that would be objectionable.

Intermediate of their ends cach pair -of bearing-beams has secured to ita lug or abutment 1:2, which is preferably made of double- L angle-ironand is attached to the bearingbeams b v bolts 13 and nuts 14. Y

In order to obviate digging under the nose-piece of the implement, meansis provided by which water under pressure may be driven either under orahead of the noseand this is secured by the em loyment. of a nozzle 15,arranged beneath t e cover-v late and with which is connected a hose 16,

eading to a suitable supply pressure.

made in light or sandy soil, as the water w wash the' earth out morerapidly than it could be excavated by hand.

In using the im lement as in which four of t e tools are ein lo ed,base- 'rovided, upon w 'c rest the blocking-beams '18, the upper shownin 1',

lower ends of of water under .l This arrangement will be found of tgreat advantage where 'excavations are ...wu-Mann ends of which supportsegment-beams 19, upon which the implements rest. As above stated, eachimplement is operable independently of the other, and their movementforward is effected by means of hydraulic jacks, which engage theabutments 13 in the same manner as that described in connection with thepatent referred to. As the implements are moved forward b v thehydraulic jacks permanent laggingr lnay be positioned. or the permanenttunnel itself mav be built under the tailpieces 5, so that as the tooladvances the super-posed earth may rest upon the lagging or tunnelitself, as )referred By the employment of water undler pressure theforward movement of the implements is facilitated and the earth washedaway thereby l may be removed in any preferred manner.

ln the patent referred to the jacks are detachable from the abutments;but, if prev ferred, they may be rigidly secured thereto, as shown at 0in Fig. 4, and thereby facilitate the operation of tunneling. as theloss of time incident to the misplacing of the jacks, which frequentlyoccurs, will be effectually obviated.

1n the form of the invention shown in Figs. l and 3 the spaces betweenthe cover-plates 3 are left open; but. if preferred,these spaces may befilled with timber or metal 21, as shown in'Figs. 5 and 6, in which casethe cover-plate 22 may be a plain flat plate bolted to the filler 2l,and I-beams 23 may be substituted for the wooden bearing-beams as shownin Fig. 1. 'hen the fillers are used in conjunction with thecover-plate, the hydraulic pipe will project under the nose-piecethrough al slot or groove cut. in the coverboard.

As a matter of further improvement there may be combined with theimplement a supplemental excavating-tool, which may be substituted forjet pipes or nozzles, ifdesired, or may be used in conjunctiontherewith. This tool. as shown in Figs. 5 and consists of a bar of metal24. havingl at one end a han dlc 25 and at its other end anexcavatingpoint 2G, which is normally disposed beneath the nose-piece.As shown in Fig. 5, the tool is suspended from a suitable hanger 27, `secured in any preferred lnanner to the forward end of the bearing-beamand is adapted for reciprwatory movements therein, while in the form ofthe invention shown in Fig. 6 the tool is suspended from a hanger 2S,combined for swinging movements with the coverplate. Of theseVsupplemental tools there mav he anv number. and as this will bereadily-understood detailed illustration of more than one is omitted.

Generallv it will be preferred to employ acks of tlie hydraulic type formoving the Implements forwardgbut it is to be understood that anv otherpower may be employed that may be. found available and advantageous.

Having thus described the lnventlon, what is claimed is 1 A tool fortunneling consisting of a roofshield comprising a plurality ofindependently-adjustable sections, and means combined with e'ach sectionfor introducing Water under pressure under or ahead of the tool, v

and in the direction of its length:

2. A tool for tunneling consxstlng of a. roofshield comprising aplurality of inde endy ently-adjustable sections, means com ined witheach section for introducing water under pressure under or ahead of thetool and in the direction of its length, and excavating mechanismassociated with the noses of the sections.

3. An implement for tunneling comprising a plurality of bearing-beams,cross-beams secured thereto, a plurality -of.coverplates eX- tendingbeyond the terminals of the bearingbeams, the extended portionsconstituting nose and tail pieces respectively', means com-V water underpressure under or ahead of thev nose-piece and in the direction of itslength.

1n testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own 1 have hereto affixedmy signature in the presence of two witnesses.

.Lunas cMEEM.

. iitnessesz C. F. GEARINGTON, C. S. FAInGnmvE.

IOC

